21
Journal of Clinical Healthcare 2/2015
ARTYKUŁY ORYGINALNE (ORIGINAL PAPERS)
Epidemiologia izolowanych urazów kręgosłupa w
materiale Szpitalnego Oddziału Ratunkowego Szpitala
Uniwersyteckiego w Krakowie
(
The epidemiology of isolated spine traumas in the material of the Emergency
Room at the University Hospital in Krakow
)
S Jankowska
1,A,B,D
, Z Kopański
1,2, C,F
, R Gajdosz
1,E
1. Collegium Masoviense – Wyższa Szkoła Nauk o Zdrowiu
2. Wydział Nauk o Zdrowiu Collegium Medicum Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Abstract—
Introduction. Injuries of the spine are not as frequent those inflicted on limbs or head. Nevertheless, their number is systematically
increasing, which is associated with the development of the motorization and the mechanization in industry and agriculture. The consequence of
spine injuries are the direct and social costs, as well as and costs associated with indirect consequences. Since the issue is very much up-to-
date, the author was persuaded to undertake her own study.
Aim of the study. The purpose of the study was to assess the frequency of the insulated spine injuries in patients treated at the Emergency Room.
The results obtained were analysed on the basis of the sex, age, characteristics of the basic injury, characteristics of the circumstances of the
injury, as well as alcohol and/or drugs used by the patient.
Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis scrutinised the medical records of the Emergency Room at the University Hospital in Kraków,
covering the period from 1.01.2014 to 31.06.2014. According to the adopted procedure, a group of 67 patients was selected as the basis of
further analysis. The characteristics of the injuries were based on an international system of nosological diagnosis – International Classification of
Diseases ICD-10.
Results and conclusions. The results obtained indicate that insulated spine injuries were slightly more frequent in males. Spine injuries affected
most frequently the age group between 20 and 39 (52%), while they were least frequent under 20 years of age. 4,5% of the total were under the
influence of ethyl alcohol at the time of the accident. 1,5% of the total were under the influence of drugs, and another 1.5% were intoxicated by
both drugs and ethyl alcohol. All the patients who at the time of the accident were under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs were men,
predominantly aged 20 to 39. Insulated spine injury was most commonly (50%) related to the cervical spine. Trauma of the lumbar-sacral spine
were reported in 35% of the cases. Thoracic spine injuries constituted 15% of the total. In women, the most common type was cervical spine
injury (59%). Men most frequently experienced traumas of the lumbar-sacral spine (44%). Among the patients analysed, the age group of over 79
was the most common to experience cervical spine injuries, the age groups being <20, 20-39, 40-59, and 60-79. A gradual decrease in the
frequency of cervical spine and lumbar-sacral spine injuries was observed with increasing age, the observed age groups being 20-39, 40-59, and
60-79. The most common cause of insulated spine injuries was falling on a ground level (in 28% of the cases). 24% of the patients suffered an
injury as a result of sports-related activities, and a further 24% had the spine injury as a result of a traffic accident. Among women, the most
common event causing the insulated spine injury were traffic accidents. In the case of men, it was falling on the ground level. In the younger age
groups (<20 years of age and 20-39 years of age), sports were the most common cause of spine injuries, followed by traffic accidents (especially
in the age group of 20-39). Falling on a ground level was the most common cause of spine injuries among people over 40 years of age, while in
the younger age groups it did not occur at all or constituted only a small percentage of injury circumstances. As a result of the insulated spine
injury, in 1% of all cases a trauma to the spinal cord occurred. Spinal cord injuries were suffered only by men aged 20-39.
Key words —
spine injuries, epidemiology.
Streszczenie—
Wstęp. Urazy kręgosłupa nie są tak częste jak obrażenia kończyn czy głowy, jednak ich liczba systematycznie wzrasta, co jest
związane z rozwojem motoryzacji, dużą mechanizacją przemysłu i rolnictwa. Konsekwencją urazów kręgosłupa są koszty bezpośrednie,
społeczne oraz koszty związane z odległymi następstwami. Duża aktualność problematyki urazów kręgosłupa skłoniła mnie do podjęcia badań
własnych.
Cel badań. Celem badań była ocena częstości występowania izolowanych urazów kręgosłupa u pacjentów leczonych w Szpitalnym Oddziale
Ratunkowym. Uzyskane wyniki odniesiono do płci, wieku,
charakterystyki urazu podstawowego, charakterystyki okoliczności urazu, zastosowania
przez pacjenta alkoholu i/lub substancji odurzających.
Materiał i metodyka. Retrospektywnej analizie poddano dokumentację medyczną Szpitalnego Oddziału Ratunkowego Szpitala Uniwersyteckiego
w Krakowie obejmującą okres od 1.01.2014 do 31.06.2014 roku. Według wcześniej przyjętej procedury wyselekcjonowano grupę 67 pacjentów,
